Reagen Biokimia: Pilar Utama dalam Ilmu Hayati dan Kedokteran

Dalam dunia ilmu hayati, mulai dari penelitian dasar tentang sel dan molekul hingga pengembangan obat-obatan inovatif dan diagnostik klinis, reagen biokimia adalah fondasi yang tak tergantikan. Reagen ini adalah senyawa kimia atau biologi yang dirancang khusus untuk memfasilitasi, mendeteksi, mengukur, atau menganalisis proses dan komponen biologis.

Kemurnian, spesifisitas, dan kualitasnya sangat krusial untuk memastikan hasil eksperimen yang akurat dan dapat direplikasi.

Reagen biokimia digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi, seperti:

• Biologi Molekuler: Ekstraksi dan analisis DNA/RNA, PCR, kloning, sequencing, CRISPR.
• Biokimia: Studi protein, enzim, metabolisme, dan interaksi molekuler.
• Kultur Sel: Pemeliharaan dan pertumbuhan sel, studi jalur sinyal.
• Imunologi: Deteksi antibodi/antigen, imunohistokimia, ELISA.
• Penemuan & Pengembangan Obat: Skrining senyawa, pengujian toksisitas.
• Diagnostik Klinis: Pengujian sampel pasien untuk penyakit.

Berbagai perusahaan global memproduksi reagen biokimia dengan standar kualitas tinggi, seperti Merck (termasuk Sigma-Aldrich dan MilliporeSigma), Thermo Fisher Scientific (termasuk Invitrogen dan Gibco), Promega, New England Biolabs (NEB), Qiagen, Bio-Rad, Abcam, Agilent Technologies, dan banyak lagi.

Produk-produk ini tersedia dalam berbagai grade (misalnya, Molecular Biology Grade, Cell Culture Grade, UltraPure) dan ukuran kemasan (dari mikrogram hingga kilogram, atau mikroliter hingga liter) untuk memenuhi skala penelitian dan produksi yang berbeda.

Contoh Reagen Biokimia, Merek, Ukuran, dan Kegunaannya

Berikut adalah daftar komprehensif dari reagen biokimia yang sering digunakan, dikelompokkan berdasarkan fungsinya. Perlu diingat bahwa setiap entri mewakili berbagai varian merek, grade, dan ukuran kemasan yang tersedia di pasar.

I. Reagen untuk Biologi Molekuler (DNA/RNA) – (150+ Varian)

1. DNA/RNA Ekstraksi & Pemurnian

• DNA Extraction Kits:
  • Qiagen DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (50, 250 preps)
  • Thermo Fisher Scientific GeneJET Genomic DNA Purification Kit (50, 250 preps)
  • Zymo Research Quick-DNA Miniprep Kit (50 preps)
  • Promega Wizard Genomic DNA Purification Kit (100 preps)
  • PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Invitrogen, 50 preps)
• RNA Extraction Kits:
  • Qiagen RNeasy Mini Kit (50, 250 preps)
  • Thermo Fisher Scientific GeneJET RNA Purification Kit (50, 250 preps)
  • Zymo Research RNA Clean & Concentrator Kit (50 preps)
  • Ambion TRIzol Reagent (Invitrogen, 100mL, 200mL)
• Plasmid DNA Extraction Kits:
  • Qiagen QIAprep Spin Miniprep Kit (50, 250 preps)
  • Promega Wizard Plus SV Minipreps DNA Purification System (50, 250 preps)
  • Thermo Fisher Scientific GeneJET Plasmid Miniprep Kit (50 preps)
• Gel Extraction Kits:
  • Qiagen QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit (50, 250 preps)
  • Thermo Fisher Scientific GeneJET Gel Extraction Kit (50 preps)
• Magnetic Beads for Nucleic Acid Purification:
  • AMPure XP beads (Beckman Coulter, 60mL)
  • Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin C1 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2mL)

2. PCR & Real-Time PCR (qPCR)

• DNA Polymerase:
  • Taq DNA Polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich, Promega, NEB, 100-250 units)
  • Pfu DNA Polymerase (Promega, NEB, 100-250 units)
  • Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (Thermo Scientific, NEB, 100-250 units)
  • Q5 High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (NEB, 100-250 units)
  • Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase (Qiagen, Promega, 100-250 units)
• dNTP Mix:
  • dNTP Solution Set (10mM each, Promega, NEB, Thermo Scientific, 100µL, 500µL)
  • PCR Nucleotide Mix (10mM each, Qiagen, Sigma-Aldrich, 1mL)
• PCR Master Mix:
  • GoTaq Green Master Mix (Promega, 250 reactions)
  • DreamTaq Green PCR Master Mix (Thermo Scientific, 250 reactions)
  • HotStarTaq Master Mix (Qiagen, 250 reactions)
• qPCR Master Mix:
  • PowerUp SYBR Green Master Mix (Applied Biosystems/Thermo Fisher, 200 reactions)
  • TaqMan Universal PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, 200 reactions)
  • Luna Universal qPCR Master Mix (NEB, 200 reactions)
• Reverse Transcriptase (RT):
  • SuperScript III Reverse Transcriptase (Invitrogen, 5000 units)
  • M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase (Promega, 5000 units)
  • RevertAid First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Thermo Scientific, 50 reactions)
• RNase Inhibitors:
  • RiboLock RNase Inhibitor (Thermo Scientific, 2000 units)
  • RNase Inhibitor (Promega, NEB, 2500 units)
• DNA/RNase-free Water:
  • Sigma-Aldrich, Invitrogen, 100mL, 500mL
• DNA Ladders/Markers:
  • 1 kb DNA Ladder (Invitrogen, Promega, NEB, 50 loads)
  • 100 bp DNA Ladder (Invitrogen, Promega, NEB, 50 loads)
  • GeneRuler 1 kb Plus DNA Ladder (Thermo Scientific, 50 loads)

3. Kloning & Ligasi

• Restriction Enzymes:
  • EcoRI, HindIII, BamHI, XhoI, PstI (NEB, Promega, Thermo Scientific, 2000 units)
  • Buffer Restriction Enzyme (NEB, Promega, berbagai jenis)
• DNA Ligase:
  • T4 DNA Ligase (NEB, Promega, Thermo Scientific, 200 units)
• Alkaline Phosphatase:
  • Calf Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase (CIP) (NEB, Promega, 1000 units)
• Kompeten Sel:
  • DH5alpha Competent Cells (Invitrogen, Promega, NEB, 10×0.1mL)
  • TOP10 Competent Cells (Invitrogen, 10×0.1mL)
• TOPO Cloning Kits:
  • TOPO TA Cloning Kit (Invitrogen, 20 reactions)
  • TOPO XL PCR Cloning Kit (Invitrogen, 20 reactions)
• Golden Gate Assembly Reagents:
  • BsaI-HFv2 (NEB, 2000 units)
  • T4 DNA Ligase

4. Sequencing & Genotyping

• Sanger Sequencing Reagents:
  • BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit (Applied Biosystems, v3.1, 100 reactions)
• Next-Gen Sequencing (NGS) Library Prep Kits:
  • NEBNext Ultra II DNA Library Prep Kit (NEB, 24 reactions)
  • KAPA HyperPrep Kit (Roche, 24 reactions)
• Genotyping Reagents:
  • SNP Genotyping Master Mix (Applied Biosystems)

II. Reagen untuk Biokimia & Proteomik – (120+ Varian)

1. Ekstraksi & Pemurnian Protein

• Lysis Buffers:
  • RIPA Lysis Buffer (Thermo Scientific, Sigma-Aldrich, 100mL)
  • M-PER Mammalian Protein Extraction Reagent (Thermo Scientific, 100mL)
  • BugBuster Protein Extraction Reagent (Novagen/Merck Millipore, 100mL)
• Protease Inhibitor Cocktails:
  • Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (Sigma-Aldrich, Roche, 1mL aliquots)
  • Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail (Sigma-Aldrich, 1mL aliquots)
• Deterjen:
  • SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, BioUltra, Sigma-Aldrich, 500g, 1kg)
  • Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich, 100mL, 500mL)
  • NP-40 (Nonidet P-40, Sigma-Aldrich, 100mL)
  • Tween® 20 (Sigma-Aldrich, 100mL, 500mL)
• Garam & Buffer untuk Protein:
  • NaCl (UltraPure, Molecular Biology Grade, 1kg)
  • Tris Base (UltraPure, Molecular Biology Grade, 1kg)
  • Glycine (Molecular Biology Grade, 500g, 1kg)
  • Imidazole (for His-tag purification, 100g, 500g)
• Protein Purification Resins/Beads:
  • Ni-NTA Agarose (Qiagen, Sigma-Aldrich, 25mL, 100mL)
  • Glutathione Sepharose 4B (GE Healthcare, 25mL)
  • Protein A/G Sepharose (GE Healthcare, 5mL, 25mL)
  • Affinity Purification Kits (misalnya, GST-Tag, His-Tag)
• Dialysis Tubing/Cassettes:
  • Slide-A-Lyzer Dialysis Cassettes (Thermo Scientific, berbagai MWCO)
  • Spectra/Por Dialysis Tubing (Spectrum Labs, berbagai MWCO)

2. Kuantifikasi & Analisis Protein

• Protein Quantification Kits:
  • Bradford Reagent (Bio-Rad Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate, 500mL)
  • BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, 500 assays)
  • Lowry Protein Assay Kit (Sigma-Aldrich)
• SDS-PAGE Reagents:
  • Acrylamide/Bis-acrylamide Solution (30%, 40%, Bio-Rad, Sigma-Aldrich, 500mL)
  • TEMED (Bio-Rad, 10mL)
  • Ammonium Persulfate (APS, Bio-Rad, 100g)
  • SDS-PAGE Running Buffer (10X, Bio-Rad, Thermo Scientific, 1L)
  • Laemmli Sample Buffer (2X, 4X, Bio-Rad, Thermo Scientific, 10mL)
  • Protein Ladders/Markers (Bio-Rad, Thermo Scientific, 50 loads)
• Western Blotting Reagents:
  • Transfer Buffer (10X, Bio-Rad, Thermo Scientific, 1L)
  • Blocking Buffers (Skim Milk Powder, BSA, Pierce Blocking Buffer)
  • Chemiluminescent Substrates (ECL, SuperSignal, Pierce, GE Healthcare)
  • Primary Antibodies (Abcam, Cell Signaling Tech, Santa Cruz Biotech)
  • Secondary Antibodies (HRP-conjugated, AP-conjugated)
  • Wash Buffers (TBST, PBST)
• Coomassie Stains:
  • Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 (Sigma-Aldrich, 100g)
  • Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 (Thermo Scientific, 100g)
  • Bio-Safe Coomassie Stain (Bio-Rad, 1L)
• Silver Stains:
  • Silver Stain Kit (Bio-Rad)

III. Reagen untuk Kultur Sel – (100+ Varian)

Media, suplemen, dan reagen manipulasi sel.

1. Media Kultur Sel Dasar

• DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium)
• RPMI-1640 Medium
• MEM (Minimum Essential Medium)
• F-12K Medium
• IMDM (Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium)

2. Suplemen Media

• Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)
• Penicillin-Streptomycin
• Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
• Gentamicin
• G418 (Geneticin)
• Puromycin
• L-Glutamine
• Sodium Pyruvate
• Non-Essential Amino Acids (NEAA)
• HEPES Buffer
• Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium (ITS) Supplement
• Growth Factors (EGF, FGF, PDGF, VEGF)
• Vitamins Solution (100X)

3. Reagen Manipulasi Sel

• Trypsin-EDTA
• Accutase/Accumax
• Cell Freezing Medium
• DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Cell Culture Grade)
• PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline)
• Trypan Blue
• Hoechst Stains (33342, 33258)
• DAPI (4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)
• Propidium Iodide (PI)
• Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
• MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)

IV. Reagen untuk Imunologi & Imunohistokimia (IHC) – (80+ Varian)

Antibodi, reagen deteksi, dan larutan pendukung.

1. Antibodi Primer

• Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
• Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
• Antibodi tervalidasi untuk IHC, Western Blot, ELISA, Flow Cytometry

2. Antibodi Sekunder

• Anti-Rabbit IgG
• Anti-Mouse IgG
• Anti-Goat IgG
• Anti-Rat IgG

3. Blocking Reagents

• BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin)
• Skim Milk Powder
• Blocking Buffer ready-to-use

4. Wash Buffers

• TBST (Tris-Buffered Saline with Tween® 20)
• PBST (Phosphate-Buffered Saline with Tween® 20)

5. Substrat Enzimatik (untuk HRP/AP)

• DAB (Diaminobenzidine)
• BCIP/NBT
• TMB (Tetramethylbenzidine)
• Chemiluminescent Substrates (ECL, SuperSignal)

6. Reagen untuk ELISA

• ELISA Kits
• Coating Buffer
• Stop Solution (misalnya, H₂SO₄ 0.1M)

7. Reagen untuk Imunofluoresensi (IF)

• Mounting Media (dengan/tanpa DAPI)
• Permeabilization Buffers
• Fluorophores (Alexa Fluor Dyes, FITC, TRITC)

V. Reagen Enzim & Substrat – (50+ Varian)

Untuk studi enzim, metabolisme, dan aplikasi diagnostik.

1. Enzim Umum

• Trypsin
• Proteinase K
• RNase A
• DNase I
• Lysozyme
• Beta-Galactosidase
• Alkaline Phosphatase
• Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP)

2. Substrat Enzim

• pNPP (p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate)
• ONPG (o-Nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside)
• DAB (3,3’-Diaminobenzidine)
• ABTS
• X-Gal

3. Reductants & Antioksidan

• DTT (Dithiothreitol)
• 2-Mercaptoethanol
• Sodium Azide (NaN₃)

4. Zat Pensuspensi & Viscosifier

• Glycerol
• Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)

5. Indikator pH & Pewarna

• Phenol Red
• Bromophenol Blue
• Xylene Cyanol
• Ethidium Bromide
• SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain

VI. Reagen untuk Kimia Umum Laboratorium Biokimia – (100+ Varian)

Bahan kimia dasar dan umum dengan kemurnian tinggi.

1. Asam & Basa

• HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)
• NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide)
• Acetic Acid (Glacial)
• Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA)

2. Garam

• NaCl (Sodium Chloride)
• KCl (Potassium Chloride)
• MgCl₂ (Magnesium Chloride)
• CaCl₂ (Calcium Chloride)
• Ammonium Sulfate
• EDTA

3. Pelarut Organik (Biotech Grade)

• Ethanol
• Methanol
• Isopropanol
• DMSO
• Acetonitrile

VII. Reagen Diagnostik & Analisis Klinis (Prinsip Biokimia) – (50+ Varian)

Reagen untuk deteksi analit dalam sampel biologis (darah, urin, dll.).

1. Reagen Kimia Klinik

• Glucose Assay Kit
• Cholesterol Assay Kit
• Triglyceride Assay Kit
• Urea Assay Kit
• Creatinine Assay Kit
• ALT/AST Assay Kit
• Total Protein Assay Reagents
• Albumin Assay Reagents
• Bilirubin Assay Reagents
• Electrolyte Reagents (Na, K, Cl)

2. Reagen Imunoassays (prinsip ELISA/CLIA)

• Thyroid Hormones (TSH, T3, T4) Assay Kits
• Hormone Assay Kits (Insulin, Cortisol, Vitamin D)
• Tumor Markers Assay Kits (PSA, CEA, CA125)
• Infectious Disease Markers (HIV, Hepatitis, Dengue) Assay Kits
• Cardiac Markers (Troponin, CK-MB) Assay Kits

3. Reagen Hematologi

• Diluents untuk penghitungan sel
• Lysing Reagents untuk penghitungan sel
• Stains (Wright’s Stain, Giemsa Stain)

4. Reagen Urinalisis

• Reagen Strip Tes Urin
• Larutan Standar Urin

Dengan berbagai kombinasi merek, tingkat kemurnian, ukuran kemasan, dan format produk, setiap poin di atas bisa mewakili lusinan varian.

• Taq DNA Polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich, 100 units)
• Taq DNA Polymerase (Promega, 250 units)
• Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase (Qiagen, 100 units)
• Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase (Promega, 250 units)
• DreamTaq DNA Polymerase (Thermo Scientific, 500 units)

Untuk pemesanan dan informasi lebih lanjut hubungi PT Wibawa Prima Chemindo.